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• The pickup acts (or functions, or operates) as a miniature generator.

• The acoustic mechanisms operate (or are operative) whenever ...

• Diverse mechanisms may be at work in different places on the satellite.

• This suggests that such forces are in operation.

• Oxygen operates as an electron acceptor.

• Both changes operate in the same direction.

• Here again some common mechanism is operating.

• This agreement indicates that no other large force is operative.